Hair waver



June 8, 1937.

N. L. SOLOMON 2,082,993

HAIR WAVER iled Nov. 13, 1936 ATTORNEY Patented June 8, 1937 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 31 Claims.

The present invention is directed to hair waving and especially is concerned with an improved and conveniently controlled hair setting device for readily forming Marcel waves of the type 5 well known in the art. In this type of device of the prior art and in so far as I am aware, a loop comprising swingable arms is utilized to clamp the strands of hair to lie against a centrally disposed comb longitudinally shiitable relative to a pair of outside and fixed combs which sustain contiguous portions of the strands of hair in a relatively set position or in other words, the strands of hair to be treated are first interposed between the swingable arms and the shift- 15 able comb, and thereafter the swingable arms are removably locked in the frame carrying the aforesaid fixed combs. Pursuant thereto the shiitable comb is manually displaced to form the wave in the strands gripped between the fixed combs. In carrying out the above process considerable time is required to thread or insert the hair between the hinged or swingable arms and the shiftable comb. Apart from this disadvantageous feature the arms must be locked to the frame to hold the 25 inserted hair in a set position. Even more important from the standpoint of production needless and extra parts are necessary, such as, swingable arms, a hinged connection for swingably sustaining the arms, and locking means to hold 39 the arms in a clamping relation against the under surface of the inserted hair between these arms and the fixed combs. By the present invention these disadvantages are overcome in providing a simplified hair waver in which the hinged clamping means is eliminated, in which a normally withdrawn shiftable comb is manually retracted preparatory to applying the herein disclosed hair waver to the hair, and in which automatic means is employed to move the shiftable comb in an opposite direction to form the wave in the strands of hair gripped by and interposed between the fixed combs. Another object of the invention is realized in the provision of a serviccable and easily controlled hair waver comprising a frame embodying a centrally disposed brace which slidably guides a movable comb carrying a manipulatable portion connected to i a concealed spring which in turn is also connectod to the frame for normally holding the shlttable comb in a withdrawn position relative to the frame. The invention has as another oblost the provision of a simplified and functionally and structionally improved hair waver having a shiftabie arcuate comb interposed between a pair :5, of fixed and interconnected arcuate combs of a frame adapted to be conveniently applied to a head of hair to grip a relatively large portion thereof, the shifta'ble comb having manipulatable means to permit readily retraction thereof and cooperating with expandible spring means for automatically withdrawing thereof pursuant to removal of finger pressure from the manipulatable means carried by the shiftable or slidable comb, the teeth of the shiftable comb pursuant to release of finger pressure from the manipulatable portion serving as means to modulate or wave the hair retained between the fixed combs.

Further objects, advantages, and features of the invention will appear as the description herein progresses, reference being had to the accompanying drawing in which:-

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of my improved hair waver shown applied to the head of a user.

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the hair waver shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a side view of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is an underneath view of Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view on the line 5-5 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 6 is a transverse sectional view on the line 8-6 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 7 is a transverse sectional view taken on the line 'I-l of Fig. 2, and

Fig. 8 is a sectional view on the line 8-8 of Fig. 2.

The hair waver generally denoted l0 comprises a rectangularly shaped hollow frame ll embodying a one piece member having a relatively thin, flat and elongated rim I2 comprising integrally connected and depending sides l3 each of which is provided with spaced teeth l4, the corresponding teeth of the spaced sides being preferably in allnement and each of the teeth of the spaced sides is provided with a curved terminal l5 sloping towards one end of the frame. It follows therefore that adjacent teeth of each of the sides I3 form an oblique channel for readily receiving portions to the hair to be processed. The oblique terminals l5 may be considered as shoes to permit the hair to lift and freely enter the adjacent channels defined by the inclined teeth II which in effect define a comb, that is to say, sides ll may be said to constitute fixed combs which ii placed on the hair and moved in the directions illustrated by the legend in Fig. 3 constitute means for conveniently picking up parts of the hair to confine the latter in the inclined channels of the adjacent teeth thereof.

Integrally interconnecting the spaced and transversely curved ends I! of the frame is longitudinally curved and relatively smooth brace I8. This arcuate brace is substantially centrally disposed relative to the frame and constitutes means for slidably or shiftably guiding a movable comb generously designated )9, which includes a plurality of depending spaced teeth 20 struck out from the body thereof. These teeth are inclined in respect to the movable comb and each have a slightly oifset terminal or shoe 2| extending in the direction as illustrated, that is, sloping in a direction opposite to the direction of the inclined teeth of the fixed combs. Offset shoes 2| are adapted to readily pick up and raise the strands of hair interposed between and gripped by the fixed combs. When raised, the strands of hair held between the fixed combs are moved by the upper portions of the teeth of the shiftable comb to form a wave as illustrated in full lines in Fig. 1 and in dash and dot lines in Fig. 4.

For slidably guiding the movable comb longitudinally of the arcuate bar J8, the movable comb integrally carries a housing 22 and the inwardly turned flanges or lugs 23. More particularly however housing 22 is provided with an upper reduced portion 24 integral with a lower expanded portion 25 defining a longitudinally disposed guide channel 26 the walls of which closely but slidably embrace arcuate brace I! while the inwardly turned lugs 23 define a channel with the movable comb i9 fon closely but movably embracing the sides and upper surface of the smooth arcuate bar II.

Also integral with the slidable comb is an upstanding manipulatable portion 21 having transverscly disposed wings 28 and centrally arranged juxtapositioned and appropriately secured webs 29 to which one end of a helicoidal spring 30 is secured while another end of this spring is anchored to the fixed although upstanding lug 3i projecting from the frame.

The housing 22 at its front end is provided with spaced slots 32 to permit displacement thereof relative to the front end of the frame. With the present arrangement the sides of housing or enclosure 22 slldably straddle the fixed lug 3| while the body of the housing conceals the expandlble and contractible spring 30.

For convenience in manipulating wings 28 to retract housing 22 which carries with it the slidably guided comb I 9, the rear end I! of the frame is provided with an upstanding ear 33 which serves as an abutment for the thumb of one hand of the operator while the wings 28 may be grasped by other fingers of the same hand to slidably retract the movable comb, that is, to shift the movable comb in the direction indicated by the legend in Fig. 3, towards the fixed abutmcnt 33.

During such retraction, spring 20 expands and in the fully retracted position of the housing 22 no part of the movable comb extends beyond the rim of frame. In the retracted position of the movable comb IS, the frame is placed on the head of hair and moved relatively thereto to permit the inclined teeth of the fixed combs I3 to pick up and grasp the strands of hair to be treated after which finger pressure is removed from wings 2B. The energy stored up in spring 30 releases and thus housing bodily and slidably moves towards the front end of the frame, that is, in a direction opposite to the direction of the legend in Fig. 3 away from abutment 33. During such movement portions of the retained strands of hair between the fixed. combs are picked up by the teeth of the movable comb and are moved to form the hair wave shown in Fig. 1. Also during such movement a part of the housing is withdrawn or projected beyond the frame, that is, overhangs the front part of the frame and withdrawal of the housing is limited by the end walls 34 of the spaced slots 32 cooperating with the forward end I] of the frame and in this connection it is apparent that this forward end l'l serves as stop means to limit withdrawal of the shiftable comb and its housing upon removal of finger pressure from the manipulating portion 21.

With the hair gripped and flexed between the teeth of the fixed and movable combs, it is left in such relation for an appreciable period of time after which the manipulatable portion 21 is retracted and the waving device is removed from the hair, leaving the Marcel wave shown in Fig. 1.

It will be appreciated that by the herein angular relation of the teeth of the fixed and movable combs, the hair can be readily picked up and sustained in a clamped and gripped fashion by the oppositely inclined teeth of the fixed and movable combs and held in such elevated position during processing periods.

By the herein expression retract is meant the displacement of the shiftable comb l9 longitudinally or lengthwise of the frame but towards the rear fixed finger abutment 33 and by the expression withdrawn is meant that at least part of the housing and/or shiftable comb projects or extends beyond the forward end or stop I! of the frame.

While the principle of this invention has been shown and described in connection with a specific embodiment thereof, the features of which have also been disclosed in detail, it is to be understood that this has been done for purposes of disclosure and that the invention is not limited thereby but is susceptible to various changes in form and detail of its scope.

What I claim is:-

1. In a hair waver, a frame having fixed toothed means, a comb, means carried by said frame for movably guiding said comb to permit shifting thereof lengthwise of said frame, and means for automatically shifting said comb to permit the latter to be moved longitudinally of said frame but in a direction opposite to said lengthwise movement.

2. In a hair waver, a frame having fixed toothed means adapted to be positioned upon a head of hair to set a portion of the latter transversely of said frame, a comb. means carried by said frame for movably guiding said comb longitudinally of said frame, manipulatable means carried by said comb to retract the latter relative to said frame, and means for moving said comb in a direction counter to said retraction.

3. In a hair waver, a frame having fixed toothed means adapted to be positioned upon a head of hair to set a portion of the latter transverscly of said frame, a comb, means for movably guiding said comb relative to said frame, and means upon removal of finger pressure from said comb for displacing said comb automatically to permit the teeth thereof to arcuately flex an intermediate part of said portion of hair.

4. In a hair waver, a frame having fixed toothed means adapted to be positioned upon a head of hair to set a portion thereof transversely of said frame, a comb having a manipulatiii) able portion and depending teeth, means for" an opposite d rection to permit the teeth of i said comb to arcuately flex an intermediate part of said portion of hair.

5. In a hair waver, a frame having fixed and spaced combs adapted to be positioned upon a head of hair to set a portion of the latter transversely of said frame. a movable comb interposed between said spaced combs, means for slldably guiding said movable comb longitudinally of said frame, and spring means interconnecting said movable comb and frame.

6. In a hair waver. a frame having fixed and spaced combs adapted to be positioned upon a head of hair to set a portion of the latter transversely of said frame, a movable comb interposed between said spaced combs and including a manipulator, means for movable comb longitudinally of said frame, said movable comb upon the application of finger pressure to said manipulator adapted to be bodily displaced in one direction, and means upon removal of said pressure for automatically shifting said movable comb in an opposite direction to permit the teeth thereof to displace a part of said portion of hair longitudinally of said frame.

7. In a hair waver, a frame having fixed and spaced combs adapted to be positioned upon a head of hair to position a portion of the latter" transversely of said frame, a centrally arranged movable comb interposed between said spaced combs and including an upstanding manipulator, means disposed longitudinally of said frame and between said fixed combs for slidably guiding said movable comb longitudinally of said frame, said movable comb upon the application of finger pressure to said manipulator adapted to be bodily displaced in one direction, and means upon removal of said pressure for automatically shifting said movable comb in an opposite direction to permit the teeth thereof to displace a part of said portion of hair longitudinally of said frame.

8. In a hair waver, a frame having depending sides each including spaced teeth for setting a portion of hair transversely of said frame, a movable comb having spaced depending teeth and a manipulatable portion, and spring means interconnecting said movable comb and manipulatable portion.

9. In a. hair waver, a frame having depending sides each including spaced and inclined teeth for setting a portion of hair transversely of said frame, a movable comb having spaced and inclined teeth, the teeth of said movable comb and the teeth of said sides sloping in different directions, means for slidably guiding said movable comb relative to said frame, and spring means cooperating with said movable comb for normally urging the latter towards a forward part of said frame.

10. In a hair waver, a frame having depending sides each including spaced and inclined teeth for setting a portion of hair transversely of said frame, a movable comb having spaced and inclined teeth, the teeth of said movable comb and the teeth of said sides sloping in different directions, means for slldably guiding said slidably guiding said movable comb relative to said frame, spring means for normally holding said movable comb in a predetermined position, and a housing carried by said movable comb for concealing said spring means.

11. In a hair waver, a frame having spaced and fixed combs for setting hair transversely of said frame, a shiftable comb, means for slldably guiding said shiftable comb, means for retracting said shiftable comb, spring means to return said shiftable comb, and means to limit displacement of said shiftable comb upon the return stroke thereof.

12. In a hair waver, a frame having spaced and fixed combs for setting hair transversely of said frame, a shiftable comb, means upon application of finger pressure to said shiftable comb for displacing the latter in one direction, spring means to automatically displace said shiftable comb upon removal of said pressure in an opposite direction, and means to conceal said spring means.

13. In a hair waver, a frame having spaced and fixed combs for setting hair transversely of said frame, a shift-able comb, means upon application of finger pressure thereto adapted to displace said shiftable comb longitudinally of said frame, spring means to automatically return said shiftable comb upon removal of said pressure, and means to conceal said spring means, said fixed and movable combs each having shoes for lifting said hair to be confined between the teeth thereof.

14. In a hair waver, a frame having spaced and fixed combs for setting hair transversely of said frame, a shiftable comb to displace a part of said hair longitudinally of said frame, means jump application of finger pressure thereto for moving said shlftable comb longitudinally of said frame, spring means to automatically return said shiftable comb upon removal of said pressure, means to conceal said spring means to prevent catching of hair by the latter, said fixed and movable combs each having shoes for lifting said hair to be confined between the teeth thereof, and a brace interconnecting spaced portions of said frame and disposed substantially centrally thereof, said shlftable comb having means cooperating with said brace for slidably guiding said shiftable comb.

15. In a hair waver, a, frame having spaced and fixed combs, a movable comb, means for slidably guiding displacement of said movable comb longitudinally of said frame, and spring means interconnecting said frame and movable comb for urging a portion of the latter to normally overhang said frame.

,,16. In a hair waver, a frame having fixed toothed means, a movable comb, and means cooperating ith said frame and movable comb to normally hold the latter in a withdrawn relation relative to said frame.

17. In a hair waver, a frame having toothed means, a movable comb, means for slidably guiding said movable comb, an abutment carried by said frame, a manipulator carried by said movable comb, and spring means interconnecting said frame and movable comb to hold the latter in a withdrawn relation relative to said frame.

18. In a hair waver, a frame having depending sides each provided with depending and spaced teeth, a movable comb, means for slldably guiding said movable comb, an abutment carried by said frame, a manipulator carried by said movable comb, a spring interconnecting said frame and movable comb to extend a portion of the latter beyond said frame, said abutment and manipulator serving as relatively displaceable means adapted to receive finger pressure to shift said manipulator towards said abutment to retract said movable comb against the resistance of said spring, the latter upon removal of finger pressure from said manipulator causing automatic return of said movable comb relative to said frame concomitantly shifting said manipulator away from said abutment.

19. In a hair waver, a frame having spaced and fixed depending combs for setting hair transversely of said frame, a shiftable comb interposed between said depending combs, means for slidably guiding said shlftable comb longitudinally of said frame, means upon application of finger pressure thereto for moving said shiftable comb towards a rear part of said frame, spring means upon removal of said pressure for automatically and bodily moving said shiftable comb away from said rear part to displace a part of said hair interposed between said depending combs, and means to limit displacement of said shiftable comb relative to said frame upon removal of said pressure,

20. In a hair waver, a frame having transversely spaced and longitudinally extending depending combs for setting hair transversely of said frame, a shiftable comb interposed between said depending combs, means carried by said frame for slidably guiding said shiftable comb lengthwise of said frame, a manipulator extending from said shiftable comb, spring means interconnectlng said manipulator and frame, and an abutment extending from said frame, said shiftable comb adapted to be bodily moved towards said abutment against the resistance of said spring means upon application of finger pressure to said manipulator, said spring means u on removal of said pressure automatically causing said shiftable comb to be bodily shifted away from said abutment to displace a. part of said hair interposed between said depending combs longitudinally of said frame.

21. In a hair waver, a frame having transversely spaced and fixed but longitudinally de-- pending arcuate combs for setting hair transversely of said frame, a shiftable comb interposed between said depending combs, a brace carried by said frame for slidably guiding said shiftable comb lengthwise of said frame, a manipulator extending from said shiftable comb and projecting above said frame, spring means interconnecting said manipulator and frame, and a finger abutment extending upwardly from said frame, said shiftable comb adapted to be bodily moved towards said abutment against the resistance of said spring means upon applica tion of finger pressure to said manipulator, said spring means upon removal of said pressure automatically causing said shiftable comb to be bodily moved in a direction away from said abutment to cause the teeth of said shiftable comb to displace a portion of said hair set by said fixed combs longitudinally of said frame.

22. In a hair waver, a frame having transversely spaced and longitudinally curved and depending combs for setting hair transversely of said frame, a shiftable comb interposed between said depending combs and disposed substantially centrally and longitudinally of said frame, means carried by said frame for slidably guiding said shifiable comb lengthwise of said frame, a manipulator extending from said shiftable comb,

expdndible and contractible spring means interconnecting said manipulator and frame, and a fixed abutment extendin upwardly from a rear part of said frame, said shiftable comb adapted to be bodily moved towards said abutment against the resistance of said spring means upon application of finger pressure to said manipulator, said spring means upon removal of said pressure automatically causing said shiftable comb to be bodily shifted in a direction away from said abutment to cause the teeth of said shif table comb to displace a portion of said hair interposed between said depending combs longitudinally of said frame."

23. In a hair waver, a frame having spaced and depending longitudinally disposed and areuate sides each constituting a fixed comb including spaced teeth for setting a portion of hair transversely of said frame, a. shlftable comb havin spaced depending teeth, means for slidably guiding said shlftable comb longitudinally of said frame, spring means interconnecting said shiftable comb and frame, and a manipulator carried by said shiftable comb 'for moving the latter bodily towards a rear part of said frame against the resistance of said spring means, said spring means adapted to automatically move said shiftable comb away from said rear part to cause the teeth of said shlftable comb to lift and displace a part of said hair interposed between and set by said fixed combs.

24. In a hair waver, a frame having spaced and fixed arcuate combs each comprising spaced and inclined teeth for setting hair transversely of said frame, a shiftable arcuate comb having spaced and inclined teeth, the teeth of said fixed combs and the teeth of said shiftable comb sloping in opposite directions, means for slidably guiding said shiftable comb lengthwise of said frame, an abutment extending from said frame, a manipulator projecting from said shiftable comb, and spring means cooperating with said shiftable comb to shift the latter and said manipulator bodily in a direction away from said abutment.

25. In a hair waver, a frame having transversely spaced and longitudinally curved and depending combs for setting hair transversely of said frame, a shiftable comb interposed between said depending combs and disposed substantially centrally and longitudinally of said frame, means carried by said frame for slidably guiding said shiftable comb lengthwise of said frame, a manipulator extending from said shiftable comb, expandible and contractible spring means interconnecting said manipulator and frame, a fixed abutment extending upwardly from a rear part of said frame, said shiftable comb adapted to be bodily moved towards said abutment against the resistance of said spring means upon application of finger pressure to said manipulator, said spring means upon removal of said pressure au tomatically causing said shiftable comb to be bodily shifted away from said abutment to cause the teeth of said shiftable comb to displace a portion of said hair interposed between said depending combs longitudinally of said frame, and a longitudinally curved housing carried by said shiftable comb for concealing said spring means.

26. In a hair waver, a frame having spaced and depending longitudinally disposed and arcuate sides each constituting a fixed comb including spaced teeth for setting a portion of hair transverseiy of said frame, a shiftable comb having spaced depending teeth, means for slidably guiding said shiftable comb longitudinally of said frame, spring means interconnecting said shiftable comb and frame, a manipulator carried by said shiitable comb for moving the latter bodily towards a rear part of said frame against the resistance of said spring means, said spring means adapted to automatically move said shiftable comb away from said rear part to cause the teeth of said shii'table comb to lift and displace a part of said hair interposed between and set by said fixed combs, and a housing carried by said shiftable comb for concealing said spring means.

2'1. In a, hair waver, a frame having spaced and depending sides each having toothed means for setting hair transversely of said frame, a shiftable comb, spring means, and means for slidably guiding said shiftable comb lengthwise of said frame and against the resistance of said spring means.

28. In a hair waver, a frame having spaced and depending sides each having toothed means for setting hair transversely of said frame, a shiftable comb, spring means, means for slidably guiding said shiftable comb lengthwise of said frame and against the resistance of said spring means, and a housing for concealing said spring means.

29. In a hair waver, a frame having spaced and depending fixed arcuate combs for setting hair transversely of said frame, a shiftable arcuate comb interposed between said fixed combs for displacing a portion of said hair set by said fixed combs longitudinally of said frame, means for slidably guiding said shiftable comb lengthwise of 'said frame, and spring means cooperating with said shiftable comb to automatically move the latter from a rearward position towards a front position in respect to said frame.

30. The hair waver'according to claim 29 wherein said spring means is a helicoidal spring interconnecting said frame and shiftable comb and is expanded upon displacement of said shiftable comb towards the rear of said frame and is adapted to contract to automatically displace said shiftable comb in a direction towards the forward part of said frame.

31. The hair waver according to claim 29 wherein said spring means is a helicoidal spring interconnecting said frame and shiftable comb and is expanded upon displacement of said shiftable comb towards the rear of said frame and is adapted to contract to automatically displace said shiftable comb in a direction towards the forward part of said frame and said shiftable comb comprises a housing for concealing said spring and means cooperating with said frame to limit longitudinal displacement thereof in respect to said frame.

NATHAN L. SOLOMON. 

